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USDA · refreshed hourly

Hay Stocks (On-Farm)

On-farm hay stocks. 49 states, 1950 to now. NASS reports twice a year: May 1 (post feed-out) and December 1 (post harvest).

National May 1 202623.29M tons-3.3% vs prior year · +30.3% vs 5-yr medianSource: USDA NASS Crop Production / Stocks
National Dec 1 202581.67M tons+0.2% vs prior year · +3.7% vs 5-yr medianSource: USDA NASS Crop Production / Stocks
Data coverage49 states · 1950-presentOn-farm stocks only (excludes commercial elevators). Each state's value links to its full hay market view.Full coverage map →
National on-farm hay stocks, last 31 years (tons)4M64M125M199620022008201420202026May 1Dec 1

Per-state May 1 2026 stocks (49 states)

StateMay 1 202610-yr trendYoYvs 5-yr medianPrior year5-yr median
Texas2.00MTexas May 1 10-yr range: low 940K, high 3.3M, last 2.0M-33.3%+33.3%3.00M1.50M
South Dakota1.95MSouth Dakota May 1 10-yr range: low 1.1M, high 2.3M, last 1.9M-12.9%+2.6%2.24M1.90M
Missouri1.65MMissouri May 1 10-yr range: low 480K, high 1.6M, last 1.6M+10.0%+65.0%1.50M1.00M
Oklahoma1.65MOklahoma May 1 10-yr range: low 400K, high 1.8M, last 1.6M+37.5%+43.5%1.20M1.15M
Nebraska1.55MNebraska May 1 10-yr range: low 530K, high 1.8M, last 1.6M-11.4%+55.0%1.75M1.00M
Kansas1.53MKansas May 1 10-yr range: low 630K, high 1.5M, last 1.5M+70.0%+71.9%900K890K
North Dakota1.27MNorth Dakota May 1 10-yr range: low 520K, high 1.4M, last 1.3M+12.4%+33.7%1.13M950K
Kentucky1.10MKentucky May 1 10-yr range: low 500K, high 1.1M, last 1.1M+37.5%+37.5%800K800K
Montana1.05MMontana May 1 10-yr range: low 450K, high 1.6M, last 1.1M-27.1%+8.2%1.44M970K
Minnesota820KMinnesota May 1 10-yr range: low 280K, high 960K, last 820K-14.6%+105.0%960K400K
Iowa690KIowa May 1 10-yr range: low 345K, high 750K, last 690K-8.0%+51.6%750K455K
Wisconsin680KWisconsin May 1 10-yr range: low 310K, high 1.0M, last 680K-34.6%+19.3%1.04M570K
Tennessee595KTennessee May 1 10-yr range: low 400K, high 595K, last 595K+38.4%+38.4%430K430K
Colorado440KColorado May 1 10-yr range: low 170K, high 800K, last 440K-32.3%-24.1%650K580K
Virginia430KVirginia May 1 10-yr range: low 250K, high 540K, last 430K+53.6%+34.4%280K320K
Arkansas380KArkansas May 1 10-yr range: low 190K, high 640K, last 380K+15.2%+46.2%330K260K
Idaho380KIdaho May 1 10-yr range: low 380K, high 740K, last 380K-13.6%-17.4%440K460K
Utah370KUtah May 1 10-yr range: low 170K, high 630K, last 370K-41.3%-22.9%630K480K
Michigan365KMichigan May 1 10-yr range: low 180K, high 375K, last 365K+14.1%+35.2%320K270K
New York360KNew York May 1 10-yr range: low 260K, high 550K, last 360K-34.5%-26.5%550K490K
Ohio350KOhio May 1 10-yr range: low 160K, high 410K, last 350K+118.8%+16.7%160K300K
California340KCalifornia May 1 10-yr range: low 150K, high 420K, last 340K-2.9%+21.4%350K280K
Illinois320KIllinois May 1 10-yr range: low 140K, high 320K, last 320K+10.3%+23.1%290K260K
Wyoming320KWyoming May 1 10-yr range: low 190K, high 515K, last 320K-17.9%-1.5%390K325K
Pennsylvania275KPennsylvania May 1 10-yr range: low 275K, high 520K, last 275K-22.5%-19.1%355K340K
Indiana245KIndiana May 1 10-yr range: low 100K, high 310K, last 245K+44.1%+28.9%170K190K
Alabama240KAlabama May 1 10-yr range: low 120K, high 300K, last 240K+14.3%+14.3%210K210K
Nevada230KNevada May 1 10-yr range: low 52K, high 230K, last 230K+43.8%+119.0%160K105K
Oregon225KOregon May 1 10-yr range: low 170K, high 400K, last 225K-13.5%-13.5%260K260K
West Virginia215KWest Virginia May 1 10-yr range: low 75K, high 215K, last 215K+152.9%+48.3%85K145K
Mississippi190KMississippi May 1 10-yr range: low 100K, high 190K, last 190K+5.6%+11.8%180K170K
North Carolina190KNorth Carolina May 1 10-yr range: low 125K, high 260K, last 190K+8.6%+8.6%175K175K
Georgia160KGeorgia May 1 10-yr range: low 120K, high 290K, last 160K-15.8%-15.8%190K190K
Washington160KWashington May 1 10-yr range: low 160K, high 360K, last 160K-27.3%-27.3%220K220K
Louisiana150KLouisiana May 1 10-yr range: low 55K, high 210K, last 150K+7.1%+7.1%140K140K
South Carolina90KSouth Carolina May 1 10-yr range: low 70K, high 125K, last 90K0.0%0.0%90K90K
New Mexico75KNew Mexico May 1 10-yr range: low 30K, high 110K, last 75K+50.0%+87.5%50K40K
Florida60KFlorida May 1 10-yr range: low 30K, high 80K, last 60K-7.7%-7.7%65K65K
Maryland50KMaryland May 1 10-yr range: low 49K, high 100K, last 50K-23.1%-23.1%65K65K
Maine40KMaine May 1 10-yr range: low 21K, high 40K, last 40K+5.3%+37.9%38K29K
Vermont33KVermont May 1 10-yr range: low 32K, high 48K, last 33K-5.7%-5.7%35K35K
Arizona30KArizona May 1 10-yr range: low 20K, high 50K, last 30K0.0%+50.0%30K20K
New Jersey15KNew Jersey May 1 10-yr range: low 10K, high 29K, last 15K+36.4%+25.0%11K12K
Massachusetts14KMassachusetts May 1 10-yr range: low 8K, high 16K, last 14K+16.7%+55.6%12K9K
New Hampshire5KNew Hampshire May 1 10-yr range: low 5K, high 9K, last 5K-44.4%-16.7%9K6K
Connecticut2KConnecticut May 1 10-yr range: low 2K, high 12K, last 2K-75.0%-71.4%8K7K
Delaware2KDelaware May 1 10-yr range: low 2K, high 4K, last 2K0.0%0.0%2K2K
Rhode Island1KRhode Island May 1 10-yr range: low 1K, high 1K, last 1K0.0%0.0%1K1K
OT0—————

National annual time series

Last 30 years. State values summed.

YearMay 1 tonsMay 1 YoYDec 1 tonsDec 1 YoY
202623.29M-3.3%——
202524.09M+14.7%81.67M+0.2%
202421.01M+46.6%81.53M+6.3%
202314.33M-14.6%76.72M+6.9%
202216.78M-6.1%71.76M-8.9%
202117.87M-11.8%78.75M-5.9%
202020.26M+36.4%83.64M-0.9%
201914.86M-3.2%84.36M+6.9%
201815.35M-37.1%78.91M-6.5%
201724.40M-3.0%84.42M-12.0%
201625.16M+2.5%95.92M+1.0%
201524.54M+27.9%94.93M+3.0%
201419.19M+35.5%92.17M+3.1%
201314.16M-33.8%89.39M+18.9%
201221.38M-3.8%75.17M-16.2%
201122.22M+6.1%89.72M-11.7%
201020.93M-5.1%101.67M-5.2%
200922.07M+2.2%107.22M+3.4%
200821.59M+44.0%103.66M-0.4%
200714.99M-29.8%104.09M+8.0%
200621.34M-23.1%96.40M-8.3%
200527.76M+7.0%105.18M-8.1%
200425.95M+17.9%114.49M+3.1%
200322.01M-2.0%111.01M+7.8%
200222.46M+5.7%102.98M-6.7%
200121.25M-26.3%110.38M+3.7%
200028.85M+17.0%106.41M-2.5%
199924.66M+13.0%109.11M-2.4%
199821.83M+25.3%111.81M+8.5%
199717.42M—103.04M-2.0%
1996——105.18M—

Largest YoY changes (national)

Biggest YoY moves. May 1 and Dec 1 ranked together.

Top 15 drops

YearDateTonsYoY
2018May 115.35M-37.1%
1989May 117.51M-35.3%
2013May 114.16M-33.8%
1960May 117.10M-33.1%
2007May 114.99M-29.8%
1984May 120.14M-28.4%
1975May 118.50M-27.0%
2001May 121.25M-26.3%
1993May 121.10M-25.2%
1988Dec 190.31M-23.8%
1981May 125.37M-23.6%
1977May 119.54M-23.5%
2006May 121.34M-23.1%
1962May 118.02M-22.4%
1965May 116.57M-16.4%

Top 15 gains

YearDateTonsYoY
1990May 126.99M+54.2%
1958May 126.20M+49.2%
2024May 121.01M+46.6%
2008May 121.59M+44.0%
1976May 125.54M+38.0%
1966May 122.72M+37.1%
2020May 120.26M+36.4%
1961May 123.24M+35.9%
2014May 119.19M+35.5%
1985May 126.83M+33.2%
1963May 123.11M+28.3%
2015May 124.54M+27.9%
1998May 121.83M+25.3%
1979May 130.11M+24.5%
1978May 124.18M+23.8%

Source & methodology

USDA NASS Quick Stats, SURVEY only. Census of Ag excluded for time-series consistency. May 1 publishes early May, December 1 publishes early January. National totals are summed; state values come straight from NASS.

Analytical workups (correlations, regression, lag structure) live at methodology.