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California

State code CA · Pacific region · 1 USDA hay market reporting

View California hay market detail →

Latest annual (2025)

Production4.42M tonsValue: $981MUSDA NASS SURVEY annual
Yield5.40 tons/acreAlfalfa: 6.80 · Grass: 3.60USDA NASS SURVEY annual
Acres harvested860K acAll hay (alfalfa + grass + mixed)USDA NASS SURVEY annual

Carryover supply + drought

May 1 stocks 2026340K tons-2.9% YoYUSDA NASS on-farm stocks
Dec 1 stocks 20251.60M tons+14.3% YoYUSDA NASS on-farm stocks
Drought DSCI · week 2026-06-2365 (D1)DSCI 0 (none) → 500 (all D4). Tier = worst level reached this week.USDM (US Drought Monitor)

Full supply context

CALIFORNIA — SUPPLY CONTEXTUSDA NASS · latest annual 2026
Yield (all hay)5.40 tons/acre (2025)5-yr median 5.15 +4.9%
Yield (alfalfa)6.80 tons/acre (2025)5-yr median 7.20 -5.6%
Yield (grass)3.60 tons/acre (2025)5-yr median 3.30 +9.1%
Acres harvested860K acres (2026)5-yr median 830K +3.6%
Production4.42M tons (2025)5-yr median 4.63M -4.5%
On-farm stocks (May 1)340K tons (2026)5-yr median 280K +21.4%
On-farm stocks (Dec 1)1.60M tons (2025)5-yr median 1.40M +14.3%

NASS does not publish weekly hay crop condition for California.

California — 10-year trends

Production (tons)4.1M5.3M6.6M201720192020202220232025
Yield (tons/acre)2.675.257.83201720192020202220232025All hayAlfalfaGrass
On-farm stocks (tons)0.001.0M2.0M201720192021202220242026May 1Dec 1

California annual history (last 30 years)

YearProduction tonsYieldAcresMay 1 stocksDec 1 stocksProduction $
2026860K340K
20254.42M5.40820K350K1.60M$981M
20244.64M4.94940K225K1.40M$1.05B
20234.28M5.15830K325K1.55M$1.03B
20224.63M5.39860K280K1.16M$1.54B
20215.15M6.21830K220K1.20M$1.18B
20204.61M5.59825K420K1.64M$825M
20195.79M5.741.01M270K1.35M$1.09B
20185.68M5.80980K150K1.40M$1.08B
20176.39M5.601.14M330K1.85M$1.07B
20166.79M5.571.22M340K1.80M$1.01B
20156.89M5.791.19M320K1.90M$1.19B
20147.51M5.591.34M140K1.75M$1.73B
20137.65M5.581.37M320K1.90M$1.52B
20128.13M5.421.50M240K1.77M$1.65B
20117.98M5.661.41M160K1.64M$1.78B
20108.30M1.48M432K1.85M$1.03B
20098.89M1.54M470K2.40M$927M
20089.41M1.61M250K2.38M$1.80B
20079.04M1.57M202K1.89M$1.41B
20069.57M1.68M192K1.78M$1.05B
20059.21M1.62M215K1.84M$1.18B
20049.22M1.60M306K1.77M$1.05B
20039.48M1.62M200K2.09M$852M
20029.77M1.75M228K1.84M$925M
20018.78M1.56M180K1.93M$1.00B
20008.60M1.54M381K1.98M$771M
19998.78M1.58M428K2.29M$767M
19988.55M1.63M420K3.25M$790M
19978.41M1.51M160K1.60M$968M

Recent monthly prices (last 120 months)

USDA NASS state-level monthly price-received for hay ($/ton, all classes).

California hay price ($/ton, monthly)$201$284$3662023202420252026
Month$/ton
2026-03$223
2026-03$223
2026-02$223
2026-02$223
2026-02$223
2026-01$222
2026-01$222
2026-01$222
2025-12$219
2025-12$219
2025-12$219
2025-11$229
2025-11$229
2025-11$229
2025-10$224
2025-10$224
2025-10$224
2025-09$221
2025-09$221
2025-09$221
2025-08$218
2025-08$218
2025-08$218
2025-07$225
2025-07$225
2025-07$225
2025-06$228
2025-06$228
2025-06$228
2025-05$231
2025-05$231
2025-05$231
2025-04$237
2025-04$237
2025-04$237
2025-03$229
2025-03$229
2025-03$229
2025-02$229
2025-02$229
2025-02$229
2025-01$224
2025-01$224
2025-01$226
2024-12$237
2024-12$237
2024-12$237
2024-11$232
2024-11$232
2024-11$232
2024-10$229
2024-10$229
2024-10$229
2024-09$221
2024-09$221
2024-09$221
2024-08$221
2024-08$221
2024-08$221
2024-07$228
2024-07$228
2024-07$228
2024-06$229
2024-06$229
2024-06$229
2024-05$222
2024-05$222
2024-05$222
2024-04$230
2024-04$230
2024-04$230
2024-03$240
2024-03$240
2024-03$240
2024-02$248
2024-02$248
2024-02$248
2024-01$226
2024-01$244
2024-01$244
2023-12$238
2023-12$238
2023-12$238
2023-11$215
2023-11$215
2023-11$215
2023-10$220
2023-10$220
2023-10$220
2023-09$239
2023-09$239
2023-09$239
2023-08$222
2023-08$222
2023-08$222
2023-07$242
2023-07$242
2023-07$242
2023-06$259
2023-06$259
2023-06$259
2023-05$262
2023-05$262
2023-05$262
2023-04$287
2023-04$287
2023-04$287
2023-03$312
2023-03$312
2023-03$312
2023-02$330
2023-02$330
2023-02$330
2023-01$344
2023-01$243
2023-01$344
2022-12$352
2022-12$352
2022-12$352
2022-11$336

Compare California to peers

Side-by-side with 4 other states from the Pacific region.

Compare on production tonsCompare on yield (t/ac)Compare on acres harvestedCompare on may 1 stocks

All numbers from USDA NASS (SURVEY series) and USDM Drought Monitor. Market detail (auctions, direct reports, by family/grade/bale) is at the full California hay view.